Re: AW: Cochlear nonlinearity & TTS

["Richard F. Lyon" <DickLyon@xxxxxxx>]

At 9:17 AM -0800 1/16/07, Navid Shahnaz wrote:
> Thank you Reinhart for your clarification. Does the cochlear 
> amplifier works on both sides of the excitation pattern peak on the 
> BM? or the amplifier operates  wore efficiently at a place that is 
> just above or toward the apex from the point of disturbance created 
> by travelling wave? Operationally this point may be an ideal point 
> as it is less likely saturates the amplifier due to sharp slope of 
> the travelling wave on the apical side.
> Cheers
> Navid

Navid,

Both Monita and Reinhart have given good explanations, but let me add a bit.

The way I think of it, the active amplification is active everywhere, 
but it competes with the passive loss mechanisms, and is only 
significant at low enough levels.  The active loss mechanism 
(damping) increases rapidly apically when a sine wave travels past a 
characteristic place.  Because of the active gain, the response to a 
sine wave can travel further before it damps out; from the "passive 
peak" that Reinhart mentions, the peak response location can be 
further apical, up to about a half octave worth of place further, 
when the active amplification is significant, to the "active peak". 
The "net" amplification is positive (in dB per mm or whatever) before 
the response peak, and negative after the response peak, pretty much 
by definition of peak.  That net includes the active gain, which 
saturates, and the passive loss, which doesn't, so it's level 
dependent.

In addition to the saturation that reduces the active gain at high 
level, there is also efferent control that turns down the gain in 
response to afferent response level and possibly other central 
control signals.  This effect of efferent control of mechanical gain 
has been directly demonstrated, but I don't recall exactly 
who/when/where to cite right now.

Dick